Hepatitis B serologic patterns in children of HBV carriers or infected mothers
Keywords:
hepatitis B, immunization, perinatal transmission
Abstract
Background Vertical transmission is usually the cause of increas-ing carrier rates for hepatitis B infection, especially in highly en-
demic areas.
Objective To determine the serologic patterns of hepatitis B in
children of HBV carrier/infected mothers.
Methods This was a cross sectional study on children of HBV
carrier/infected mothers. Subjects were recruited consecutively and
examined at the Department of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo
Hospital during January–July 2003. Children were included if they
were generally healthy and their parents gave permission. Chil-
dren with chronic illness, previous blood transfusions, or drug abuse
were excluded.
Results Fifty-nine children of 32 HBV carrier/infected mothers were
recruited. HBsAg was positive in 8 children, anti-HBs in 37, and
anti-HBc in 4 children. Seventy-three percent of children had been
vaccinated against HBV but only 81% had positive anti-HBs. Of
eighteen children who received hepatitis B vaccine and HBIg at
birth, none was infected. Six out of 25 children who received only
hepatitis B vaccine were infected.
Conclusion HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc were positive in 14%,
36%, and 7% of children of HBV carrier/infected mothers, respec-
tively
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born in the United States to Southeast Asian refugees.
N Engl J Med 1989;321:1301-5.
1997;337:1733-44.
2. Romero R, Lavine JE. Viral hepatitis in children. Semin
Liv Dis 1994;14:289-302.
3. Balistreri WF. Acute and chronic viral hepatitis. In:
Suchy FJ, editor. Liver disease in children. St Louis:
Mosby;1994. p. 460-509.
4. Akbar N, Basuki B, Mulyanto, Garabrant DH, Noer
HMS. Ethnicity, sosioeconomic status, transfusions,
and risk of hepatitis B infection. J Gastr Hepatol
1997;12:752-7.
5. Soewignyo S. Epidemiology hepatitis B in Indonesia.
Acta Med Indones 1984;15:215-28.
6. Soewignyo S. Hepatitis virus problems in Indonesia. Pro-
ceedings of the National Congress of Hepatitis; 1992;
Yogyakarta, Indonesia.1992;1.
7. Anna, Lok F, Brian J, McMahon. Chronic hepatitis B.
Hepatology 2001;34:1225-35.
8. Gerlich W. Structure and molecular virology. In:
Zuckerman AJ, Thomas HC, editors. Viral hepatitis. Sci-
entific basis and clinical management. 1st ed. Edinburgh:
Churchill Livingstone; 1993. p. 83-112.
9. American Academy of Pediatrics. Hepatitis A, B, C and
E. In: Peter G, Hall CB, Hasley NA, Marcey SM, Pickering
LIS, editors. 1997 Red Book. Report of the committee on
infectious disease. 24 th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: Ameri-
can Academy of Pediatrics; 1997. p. 237-63.
10. Zuckerman AJ, Zuckerman JN, Harrison TJ. Hepatitis
B Prevention. In: Suchy FJ, editor. Liver disease in chil-
dren. 1st ed. St Louis: Mosby; 1994. p. 217-29.
11. Fahmi U, Julitasari. Hepatitis problems in Indonesia.
In: Zulkarnaen Z, Bisanto J, Pujiarto PS, Oswari H,
editors. Comprehensive aspects of hepatitis in children.
Proceedings of the 43rd Continuing Medical Education,
Department of Child Health, Medical School, Univer-
sity of Indonesia. Jakarta: FKUI Press; 2000. p. 1-6.
12. Widjaja S, Simon S, Listiawan I, Widyastuti A, Kurniati
S, Surjadi C, Yap SH. Peranan penularan VHB dan
VHC melalui pemakaian alat pribadi bersama di panti
asuhan. Maj Kedok Indones 1998;48:345-9.
13. Wiharta AS, Setiadi E, Noer HMS, Rachimhadi T,
Rasad A. HBsAg in cord blood of newborn of HBsAg
positive mothers. Presented in The 9 th National Con-
gress of Child Health; 1993 June 13-17; Semarang,
Indonesia.
14. Ho MS, Lu CF, Kuo J, Mau YC, Chao WH. A family
cluster of an immune escape variant of hepatitis B vi-
rus infecting a mother and her two fully immunized
children. Clin and Diagnostic Lab Immunol
1995;2:760-2.
15. Atkinson W, Humiston S, Wolfe C, Nelson R, editors.
Epidemiology and prevention of vaccine-preventable
disease. Atlanta: CDC; 1999. p. 223-45.
16. Chen WN, Oon CJ. Hepatitis B virus surface antigen
(HBsAg) mutants in Singapore adults and vaccinated
children with high anti-hepatitis B virus antibody lev-
els but negative for HBsAg. J Clin Microbiol
2000;38:2793-4.
17. Poovoravan Y, Sanpavat S, Chumdermpadelsak S,
Safary A. Long-term hepatitis B vaccine in infant
born to hepatitis B-e antigen positive mothers.
Arch Dis Child 1997;77:F47-51.
18. Assaterawat A, Tanpahaichitr VS, Suvatte V, In-ngarm
L. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of low dose
recombinant DNA hepatitis B vaccine in normal and
high risk neonates. Asian Pacific J Allergy Immunol
1991;9:89-93.
19. Beasley RP, Hwang LY, Lee GCY, Lan CC, Roan CH, Huang
FY, et al. Preventions of perinatally transmitted hepatitis B
virus infections with hepatitis B immunoglobulin and hepa-
titis B vaccine. Lancet 1983;2:1099-102.
20. Zamir C, Dagan R, Zamir D, Rishpon S, Fraser D, Rimon
N, et al. Evaluation of screening for hepatitis B surface
antigen during pregnancy in population with a high preva-
lence of hepatitis B surface antigen-positive/hepatitis Be
antigen-negative carriers. J Pediatr 1999;18:262-6.
21. Euler GL, Copeland JR, Rangel MC, William WW. Anti-
body response to postexposure prophylaxis in infants born
to hepatitis B surface antigen-positive women. Pediatr
Infect Dis J 2003;22:123-9.
22. Vanclaire J, Cornu CH, Sokal EM. Fulminant hepati-
tis B in infant born to a hepatitis Be antibody posi-
tive, DNA negative carrier. Arch Dis Child 1997;
66:983-5.
23. Franks AL, Berg CJ, Kane MA, Browne BB, Sikes RK,
Elsea WR, et al. Hepatitis B infection among children
born in the United States to Southeast Asian refugees.
N Engl J Med 1989;321:1301-5.
Published
2016-10-10
How to Cite
1.
Bisanto J, Chair I, Istikowati D. Hepatitis B serologic patterns in children of HBV carriers or infected mothers. PI [Internet]. 10Oct.2016 [cited 16Nov.2024];44(5):176-0. Available from: https://paediatricaindonesiana.org/index.php/paediatrica-indonesiana/article/view/759
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Received 2016-10-02
Accepted 2016-10-02
Published 2016-10-10
Accepted 2016-10-02
Published 2016-10-10
