Physical activity, eating patterns, and insulin resistance in obesity

Erny Huriyati; Perdana Samekto Nugroho; Rina Susilowaty; Madarina Julia

doi:10.14238/pi54.2.2014.82-7

Erny Huriyati Department of Child Health, Gadjah Mada University, Gadjah Mada University Medical School/Dr. Sardjito Hospital
Perdana Samekto Nugroho Department of Child Health, Gadjah Mada University, Gadjah Mada University Medical School/Dr. Sardjito Hospital
Rina Susilowaty Department of Child Health, Gadjah Mada University, Gadjah Mada University Medical School/Dr. Sardjito Hospital
Madarina Julia Department of Child Health, Gadjah Mada University, Gadjah Mada University Medical School/Dr. Sardjito Hospital

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14238/pi54.2.2014.82-7

Keywords: insulin resistance, obesity, physical activity, energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, female adolescents

Abstract

Background Unhealthy eating patterns and physical inactivity
are associated with obesity. Insulin resistance, an early sign of type
2 diabetes mellitus, is common in obese individuals.
Objective To assess for an association between physical activity and
eating patterns to insulin resistance in obese female adolescents.
Methods Subjects were 77 obese female adolescents aged 13-15
years. Peripheral blood specimens were obtained for measurements
of fasting blood glucose, insulin, and the homeostatic model
assessment (HOMA) index. Subjects were considered to be in a
state of insulin resistance for HOMA index 2::3. 16. Physical activity
recalls for 7 x 24h were performed to obtain information on subjects'
energy expenditure, as well as intensity and duration of physical
activity. Data on nutrients intake was also obtained using 7 x 24h
food recalls. Fat intake was categorized into saturated fatty acid
(SAFA), unsaturated fatty acid (UNSAF A), monounsaturated fatty
acid (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA).
Results Subjects spent most of their time on light activities, 23 .5
(SD 2.0) hours/day. Those with insulin resistance spent slightly more
time doing light activities. Conversely, they spent less time in vigorous
activities, a mean difference of 4.96 (95%CI 0.61 to 9.31) minutes/
day (P=o 0.01). Subjects who spent less than 1 minute/day in heavy
activities had higher odds for insulin resistance, (OR 3. 14; 95%CI
1.20 to 8.50; P=o0.02). There were no relationships found between
nutrients intake, such as energy, protein, fats (SAFA, UNSAFA,
MUFA, and PUFA), or carbohydrates, and insulin resistance.
Conclusion In obese female adolescents, physical inactivity
is associated with insulin resistance, while nutrients intake
is not associated with insulin resistance.

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