Correlation between nosocomial pneumonia and ventilated patients in pediatric intensive care unit

Abstract

Background NP (NP) especially YAP (ventilator-associated pneu-
monia) is the most common infection in intensive care unit, which
correlates with the increasing of morbidity and mortality. There
are some risk factors for development ofNP, the most important
one is duration of mechanical ventilator and reintubation.
Objective To determine the correlation between NP and use of
mechanical ventilator in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).
Methods A matched case control study was conducted at Dr.
Sardjito Hospital on all patients admitted to the PICU from
2004 until 2006. Case group was defined as all patients who had
NP; age and sex matched control group included all patients not
diagnosed as NP. Statistical analysis was done by using chi-square
and t-tests as appropriate. Logistic regression analysis was done
to determine the role of risk factors.
Results One-hundred and forty-one patients were included in
this study. The incidence of NP was 25. 7%. There was associa-
tion between using mechanical ventilator (OR 1.08; 95%CI 1.07;
8.20, P=0.036) and duration of using mechanical ventilator more
than four days (OR 1.75, 95%CI 1.87;18.02) with development
of NP. There was a significant difference in event free survival of
NP between those using mechanical ventilator group and those
not using mechanical ventilator group (P<O.OOl).
Conclusion There is an association between the use of mechani-
cal ventilator and duration of use of mechanical ventilator more
than four days with the development of NP