Effect of exclusive breast-feeding on the linear growth of children aged 24-36 months in Bandung's urban slum area
Keywords:
breast milk, exclusive breast-feeding, linear growth, urban slum area
Abstract
Background Breast milk is an ideal nutrition source for infantsbecause of its balanced composition, naturally adjusted to
infants' need for growth and without any expenses. However,
low education mothers living in slum areas are ignorant towards
informations about the importance of exclusive breast-feeding.
Objective To observe the effects of exclusive breast-feeding on
linear growth of children aged 24-36 months in urban slums
area.
Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on 343
children consisted of 188 exclusively breastfed infants and 155
nonexclusively breastfed infants in Puskesmas Cigondewah
area on August to September 2007. Anthropometric
measurements were performed to obtain linear growth status.
Data were analyzed by using odd ratio (OR). The first step was
performed univariately to assess the effect of data variables.
Henceforth, factors which significantly influence the growth
will be assesed by multivariate calculation.
Results Normal linear growth status was found in 109 (66.1%)
exclusively breastfed compared with 56 (33.9%) nonexclusively
breastfed children. Univariate analyzes showed that factors
that influenced children normal linear growth were exclusive
breast-feeding (OR: 2.44; 95%CI: 1.58;3.78), industrial product
porridge as complementary food (OR: 1.65; 95%CI: 1.00;2.72),
and frequency of illnesses <6x/year (OR: 1.57; 95%CI: 1.02;2.42).
The result of multinomial logistic regression analyzes showed that
exclusive breast-feeding became the only factor that influence
children linear growth (OR: 2.254; 95%CI: 1.438;3.533).
Conclusion Exclusive breast-feeding has significant positive effect on
linear growth of children.
References
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fed infants during the first year of life and their association
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14. Dewey KG, Heinig MJ, Nommsen LA, Peerson JM, Lonnerdal
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15. Fomon SJ. Assessment of growth of formula-fed infants:
evolutionary considerations. Pediatrics 2004;113:389-93.
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formula-fed infants: evolutionary considerationsâ€. Pediatrics
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WL, Gray GM, et al. Bovine somatotropin technology as-
sessment conference statement. 2007 (Cited 2007 Juni 28).
Available from: http://www.monsantodairy.com/index.html.
Walker WA, Watkins JB, Duggan C, editors. Nutrition in
pediatrics, basic science and clinical applications. London:
BC Decker Inc; 2003. p. 277-303.
2. Hendricks KM. Weaning: Pathophysiology, practice, and
policy. In: Walker WA, Watkins JB, Duggan C, editors. Nu-
trition in pediatrics, basic science and clinical applications.
London: BC Decker Inc; 2003. p. 528-38.
3. Dwyer J, Stuart MA, Hendricks K. Community nutrition and
its impact on children: developed countries. In: Walker WA,
Watkins JB, Duggan C, editors. Nutrition in pediatrics, basic
science and clinical applications. London: BC Decker Inc;
2003. p. 142-60.
4. Lawrence R, Lawrence RM. Approach to breast-feeding. In:
Walker WA, Watkins JB, Duggan C, editors. Nutrition in
pediatrics, basic science and clinical applications. London:
BC Decker Inc; 2003. p. 562-79.
5. Kramer MW, Kakuma R. The optimal duration of exclusive
breastfeeding: a systematic review. Pediatrics 2005;115:
496-506.
6. Atmarita. Nutrition problems in Indonesia. An Integrated
International Seminar and Workshop on Lifestyle – Related
Diseases; 2005 March 19-20; Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
7. Alvarado BE, Zunzunegui MV, Delisle H, Osorno J. Growth
trajectories are influenced by breast-feeding and infant
health in an Afro-Colombian community. J Nutr 2005;135:
2171-8.
8. Kramer MS, Tong G, Platt RW, Shapiro S, Collet JP, Chalm-
ers B, et al. Breastfeeding and infant growth: biology or bias?
Pediatrics. 2002;110:343-7.
9. Villalpando S, Lopez-Alarcon M. Growth faltering is pre-
vented by breast-feeding in underprivileged infants from
Mexico City. J Nutr 2000;130:546-52.
10. Marquis GS, Habicht JP, Lanata CF, Black RE, Rasmussen
KM. Breast milk or animal-product foods improve linear
growth of Peruvian toddlers consuming marginal diets. Am
J Clin Nutr 1997;66:1102-9.
11. Shrimpton R, Kachondham Y. Analysing the causes of child
stunting in DPRK (Cited 2007 September 27). Available
from: http://www.hawaii.edu/hivandaids/Analyzing_the_
Causes_of_Child_Stunting_in _DPR_Korea.pdf.
12. Butte NF, Wong WW, Hopkinson JM, Smith EO, Ellis KJ.
Infant feeding mode affects early growth and body composi-
tion. Pediatrics 2000;106:1355-66.
13. Heinig MJ, Nommsen LA, Peerson JM, Lonnerdal B, Dewey
KG. Energy and protein intakes of breast-fed and formula-
fed infants during the first year of life and their association
with growth velocity: the DARLING study. Am J Clin Nutr.
1993;58:152-61.
14. Dewey KG, Heinig MJ, Nommsen LA, Peerson JM, Lonnerdal
B. Growth of breast-fed and formula-fed infants from 0 to 18
months: the DARLING study. Pediatrics 1992;89:1035-41.
15. Fomon SJ. Assessment of growth of formula-fed infants:
evolutionary considerations. Pediatrics 2004;113:389-93.
16. Lende DH. Review of Fomon’s “assessment of growth of
formula-fed infants: evolutionary considerationsâ€. Pediatrics
2004;114:1365.
17. Grumbach MM, Bier DM, Blumenthal H, Clark J, Dunkley
WL, Gray GM, et al. Bovine somatotropin technology as-
sessment conference statement. 2007 (Cited 2007 Juni 28).
Available from: http://www.monsantodairy.com/index.html.
Published
2008-05-01
How to Cite
1.
Ismawaty N, Djais J, Garna H. Effect of exclusive breast-feeding on the linear growth of children aged 24-36 months in Bandung’s urban slum area. PI [Internet]. 1May2008 [cited 22Dec.2024];48(2):120-. Available from: https://paediatricaindonesiana.org/index.php/paediatrica-indonesiana/article/view/490
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Received 2016-09-07
Accepted 2016-09-07
Published 2008-05-01
Accepted 2016-09-07
Published 2008-05-01
