Tuberculosis prevalence among underfive children in household contact with negative acid fast bacilli adult pulmonary tuberculosis
Keywords:
Tuberculosis, underfive children, contact, negative acid fast bacilli
Abstract
Background Risk of tuberculosis (TB) transmission is greatest if achild has household contact with positive acid fast bacilli (AFB)
adult pulmonary TB. Risk of TB transmission from negative AFB
adult pulmonary TB to underfive children is unknown.
Objective To find out the prevalence of TB infection and disease
among underfive children in household contacts with negative
AFB adult pulmonary TB.
Methods The study was performed at Balai Kesehatan Paru
Masyarakat (BKPM) Bandung on underfive children who live in
the same house with negative AFB adult pulmonary TB from
February to July 2006. History taking, physical examination,
anthropometric measurement, chest radiographs, and tuberculin
skin test were performed to all study subjects. Subjects were then
categorized as TB infection(positive tuberculin test only) or disease
(defined based on Pulmonology Workgroup of Indonesian
Paediatrics Council criteria, 2005).
Results Sixty one children (32 males and 29 females) had contact
with 54 negative AFB adults pulmonary TB. Tuberculosis infection
was found in six (10%), while disease was found in 10 (16%)
children. The prevalence of TB infection was 10% (95% CI
2.3;17.3) while prevalence of TB disease was 16% (95% CI
7.1;24.7).
Conclusion Tuberculosis infection and disease prevalence is
considerably high in household contact with negative EFB adult
pulmonary TB.
References
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Arizona, 2002-2003. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2006; 25:151-5.
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Dis 2002;6:851-7.
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14. Caldeira ZMR, Sant’Anna CC, Aide MA. Tuberculosis
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Saude Publica 2004;8:1-6.
15. Nakaoka H, Lawson L, Squire B, Coulter B, Ravn P, Brock I,
et al. Risk for tuberculosis among children. Emerg Infect Dis
2006;12:1383-8.
16. Laserson KF, Yen NTN, Thornton CG, Mai VTC, Jones W,
An DQ, et al. Improved sensitivity of sputum smear microscopy
afterprocessing specimens with C18-Carboxypropylbetaine to
detect acid-fast bacilli: a study of United State-bound
immigrants from Vietnam. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:3460-2.
17. Scott CP, Filho LDA, Mello FCQ, Thornton CG, Bishai WR,
Fonseca LS, et al. Comparison of C18-Carboxypropylbetaine
and standard N-acetyl-L-Cysteine-NaOH processing of
respiratory specimens for increasing tuberculosis smear
sensitivity in Brazil. J Clin Microbiol 2002;40:3219-22.
financing – WHO report 2005. Geneva, 2005. WHO/HTM/
TB/2005.349.
2. Ait-Khaled N, Enarson DA. Tuberculosis-a manual for
medical student, Geneva, 2003. WHO/CDS/TB/99.272.
3. Lutong L, Bei Z. Association of prevalence of tuberculin
reactions with closeness of contact among household contacts
of new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Int J
Tuberc Lung Dis 2000;4:275-7.
4. Reichler MR, Reves R, Bur S, Thompson V, Mangura BT,
Ford J, et al. Evaluation of investigations conducted to detect
and prevent transmission of tuberculosis. JAMA 2002;
287:991-5.
5. Espinal MA, Raviglione MC. Global epidemiology of
tuberculosis. In: Madkour MM, editor. Tuberculosis. Berlin:
Springer-Verlag; 2004. p. 33-43.
6. Beyers N, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, van Zyl S, Talent JM, Nel ED,
et al. A prospective evaluation of children under the age of 5
years living in the same household as adults with recently
diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
1997;1:38-43.
7. Singh M, Mynak ML, Kumar L, Mathew JL, Jindal SK.
Prevalence and risk factors for transmission of infection
among children in household contact with adults having
pulmonary tuberculosis. Arch Dis Child 2005;90:624-8.
8. Mtombeni S, Mahomva A, Siziva S, Sanyika C, Doolabh R,
Nathoo KJ. A clinical evaluation of children under the age
of five years who are household contacts of adults with
sputum positive tuberculosis in Harare, Zimbabwe. Central
African J Med 2002;48:28-32.
9. Shah NS, Harrington T, Huber M, Wellnitz C, Fridrych S,
Laserson K, et al. Increased reported cases of tuberculosis
among children younger than 5 years of age, Maricopa County,
Arizona, 2002-2003. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2006; 25:151-5.
10. Rathi SK, Akhtar S, Rahbar MH, Azam SI. Prevalence and
risk factors associated with tuberculin skin test positivity
among household contacts of smear-positive pulmonary
tuberculosis cases in Umerkot, Pakistan. Int J Tuberc Lung
Dis 2002;6:851-7.
11. UKK Pulmonologi PP IDAI. Pedoman nasional tuberkulosis
anak. Jakarta: IDAI; 2005.
12. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 2000 CDC
growth chart. cited 2006 February9 th . Available from: http:/
/www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhanes/ growthcharts/set2clinical/
set2b&w.pdf.
13. Statens Serum Institut – Product – Tuberculin 2002. cited
2006 February 6 th . Available from: http://www.ssi.dk/
sw4248.asp.
14. Caldeira ZMR, Sant’Anna CC, Aide MA. Tuberculosis
contact tracing among children and adolescents, Brazil. Rev
Saude Publica 2004;8:1-6.
15. Nakaoka H, Lawson L, Squire B, Coulter B, Ravn P, Brock I,
et al. Risk for tuberculosis among children. Emerg Infect Dis
2006;12:1383-8.
16. Laserson KF, Yen NTN, Thornton CG, Mai VTC, Jones W,
An DQ, et al. Improved sensitivity of sputum smear microscopy
afterprocessing specimens with C18-Carboxypropylbetaine to
detect acid-fast bacilli: a study of United State-bound
immigrants from Vietnam. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:3460-2.
17. Scott CP, Filho LDA, Mello FCQ, Thornton CG, Bishai WR,
Fonseca LS, et al. Comparison of C18-Carboxypropylbetaine
and standard N-acetyl-L-Cysteine-NaOH processing of
respiratory specimens for increasing tuberculosis smear
sensitivity in Brazil. J Clin Microbiol 2002;40:3219-22.
Published
2008-02-29
How to Cite
1.
Iskandar H, Nataprawira H, Garna H, Djais J. Tuberculosis prevalence among underfive children in household contact with negative acid fast bacilli adult pulmonary tuberculosis. PI [Internet]. 29Feb.2008 [cited 25Apr.2024];48(1):18-2. Available from: https://paediatricaindonesiana.org/index.php/paediatrica-indonesiana/article/view/446
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Received 2016-09-04
Accepted 2016-09-04
Published 2008-02-29
Accepted 2016-09-04
Published 2008-02-29
