Preterm and low birth weight as risk factors for infant delayed development
Keywords:
Preterm, low birth weight, appropriate for gestational age, delayed development, Bayley Infant Neurodevelopment of Screener (BINS)
Abstract
Background In developed countries, birth weight of less than1,500 g contributes in infant delayed development. It might be
different in developing countries.
Objective This study aimed to determine whether preterm infants
with birth weight of 1,500 to 2,499 g are risk factors for delayed
development at 7-10 months of age.
Methods We analyzed singleton infants at 7-10 months of
corrected age, born with birth weight of 1,500 to 2,499 grams,
preterm-appropriate for gestational age (or LBW group), and at
7-10 months of chronological age, born with birth weight >2,500
g-term-appropriate for gestational (non-LBW group) in a hospital-
based retrospective cohort study. Data were taken from medical
records in Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, from September
2003 to May 2004. We excluded infants with major congenital
anomalies, hyaline membrane disease, assisted ventilation, or
exchange transfusion. Multiple regression logistic analysis was
performed for data analysis.
Results The percentage of delayed development in LBW group
was higher than in non-LBW group (17.1% vs. 1.6%). Logistic
regression analysis revealed that low birth weight was a risk factor
for delayed development (RR=5.13, 95%Cl 1.55;16.96, P=0.007).
Other biological risk factors for delayed development are
hyperbilirubinemia (RR=3.32, 95%Cl 1.29;8.54, P=0.013) and
sepsis (RR=2.74, 95%Cl 1.15;6.52, P=0.023).
Conclusions Preterm-appropriate for gestational age with birth
weight of 1,500 to 2,499 g are risk factors for infant delayed
development after being adjusted to other biological risk factors.
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Kliegman RM, Jenson HB, editors. Nelson’s textbook of
pediatrics. 17 th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2004. p. 547-
59.
2. NIH. Low-birth-weight; 2004. Available from: http://
www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/child/infants.htm (Accessed: August 23
2004).
3. Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Profil Kesehatan
Indonesia. Jakarta: Pusat Data Kesehatan; 2001.
4. Perinatologi. Laporan tahunan Perinatologi tahun 2003.
Bandung: RSUP Dr.Hasan Sadikin; 2003.
5. Lee KG, Cloherty JP. The high-risk newborn and evaluating
gestational age, prematurity, post maturity, large-for-
gestational-age, and small-for-gestational-age. In: Cloherty
JP, Eichenwald EC, editors. Manual of neonatal care. 5 th ed.
Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2004. p. 42-
56.
6. Aylward GP, Pfeiffer SI., Wright A, Verhulst J. Outcome
studies of low birth weight infants published in the last
decade: a metaanalysis. J Pediatr. 1989;115:515-20.
7. Kadri N. Identifikasi bayi risiko tinggi di rumah sakit rujukan.
Simposium Perinatologi III llrnu Kesehatan Anak FK
UNPAD. Bandung; 1982.
8. Peryoga SU. The risk for delayed development in low birth
weight, appropriate for gestational age preterm infants.
Pediatr Indones 2005;45:154-9
9. Allen MC. Outcome and follow-up high-risk infants. In: Taeusch
HW, Ballard RA, editors. Avery’s diseases of the newborn. 7 th
ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1998. p. 413-28.
10. Bennett FC. Developmental outcome. In: Avery GB, Fletcher
M, MacDonald MG, editors. Neonatology: pathophysiology
and management of the newborn. 5 th ed. Philadelphia:
Lippincott; 1999. p. 1479-97.
11. Volpe JJ. Neuronal proliferation, migration, organization, and
myelination. In: Volpe JJ, editor. Neurology of the newborn.
4 th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co; 2001. p. 45-99.
12. Inder TE, Warfield SK, Wang H, Huppi PS, Volpe JJ.
Abnormal cerebral sturcture is present at term in premature
infants. Pediatr 2005;115:286-94.
13. Soorani-Lunsing I, Woltil HA., Hadders-Algra M. Are
moderate degrees of hyperbilirubinemia in healthy term
neonates really safe for the brain? Pediatr Research
2001;50:701-5.
14. Paludetto R, Mansi G, Raimond, F, Romano A, Crivaro V,
Bussi M, et al. Moderate hyperbilirubinemia induces a transient
alteration of neonatal behaviour. Pediatr 2002;110:e5Q-7.
15. TaftLT. Cerebral palsy. Ped Rev 1995;16;411-8.
16. Puopolo KM. Bacterial and fungal infections. In: Cloherty JP.,
Eichenwald EC, editors. Manual of neonatal care. 5 th ed.
Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2004. p. 287-313.
17. Aylward GP. Bayley infant neurodevelopment screener. 2 nd ed.
San Antonio: the Psychological Corporation; 1995. p. 1-31.
Published
2008-02-29
How to Cite
1.
Alam A, Sukadi A, Risan N, Dhamayanti M. Preterm and low birth weight as risk factors for infant delayed development. PI [Internet]. 29Feb.2008 [cited 23Dec.2024];48(1):1-. Available from: https://paediatricaindonesiana.org/index.php/paediatrica-indonesiana/article/view/442
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Received 2016-09-04
Accepted 2016-09-04
Published 2008-02-29
Accepted 2016-09-04
Published 2008-02-29
