The association between duration of breastfeeding and atopy in children with or without family history of atopic disease
Keywords:
Atopy, atopic disease, total serum IgE, breastfeeding
Abstract
Background Atopic diseases (AD) are the most common chronicdiseases in childhood, and their incidence has a tendency to increase
recently. Tendency to have atopy could be triggered by many factors
originated in early life, including time of breastfeeding cessation.
Objective To determine the association between exclusive and
duration of breastfeeding and atopy in children with or without
family history of atopic disease.
Methods This was an observational clinical epidemiology study
performed at Babakansari, Padasuka, Garuda Primary Health Care
Center in Bandung from January to March 2006. One hundred
fifty of 749 children were randomized from group with and without
family history of AD. They underwent skin prick tests and total
serum IgE level analysis. Atopy was defined as a positive skin
prick test to any of the eight allergens tested. History of exclusive
and duration of breastfeeding was obtained from their parents.
Significance tests for contingency tables were on the basis of x 2
test for association odds ratio with 95% confidence interval.
Results Atopy was found in 28.2% of children, of whom 32.4% with
and 23.9% without family history of AD. Children exclusively
breastfed exhibited a reduced risk of atopy (5.8% v 35.3%, OR=0.11,
95%CI= 0.03;0.34, P<0.001). The difference of atopy was strongly
significant between children who had exclusive breastfeeding and
those without exclusive breastfeeding whether or not the subjects
had family history of AD (P<0.001). There was a highly significant
risk reduction for atopy related to prolonged breastfeeding (=6
months) (OR=0.37, 95%CI = 0.19 to 0.72, P=0.001). The
difference of atopy was strongly significant between children who
had prolonged breastfeeding and short breastfeeding duration whether
or not the subjects had family history of AD (P<0.001)
Conclusions Exclusive and prolonged breastfeeding decrease atopy
in children with as well as without family history of AD.
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in Childhood. Eur Respir J 1998;12:1225-32.
2. Gold MS, Kemp AS. Atopic disease in childhood. MJA
2005;182:298-304.
3. ETAC Study Group. Determinant of total and specific IgE
in infants with dermatitis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol
1997;8:177-84.
4. Wang XS, Goh DYT, Lynette PCS, Baratawidjaja K, Kartasasmita
C, Darwis A, et al. Affluence and asthma, evidence from South
East Asia. J World Allergy Org 2005;17:53-7.
5. Bauman A. Latest statistical trends. Cited 2005 Dec 27.Avail-
able from: url: http//www.nationalasthma.org.au/.
6. Oddy WH, Holt PG, Sly PD, Read AW, Landau LI, Stanley
FJ, et al. Association between breast feeding and asthma in 6
year old children: finding of a prospective birth cohort study.
BMJ 1999;319:815-9.
7. Savelkoul HFJ, Neijens HJ. Immune responses during aller-
gic sensitization and the development of atopy. Allergy
2000;55:989-97.
8. Von Hertzen LC. The hygiene hypothesis in the develop-
ment of atopy and asthma-still a matter of controversy?. Q J
Med 1998;91:767-71.
9. Martinez FD, Holt PG. Role of microbial burden in aetiol-
ogy of allergy and asthma. Lancet 1999;354:1215.
10. Holt PG, Jones CA. The development of the immune sys-
tem during pregnancy and early life. Allergy 2000;55:688-
97.
11. Bager P, Westergaard T, Rostgaard K, Hjalgrim H, Melbye
M. Age at childhood infections and risk of atopy. Thorax
2002;57:379-82.
12. Kull I, Wickman, M, Lilja G, Nordvall SL, Pershagen G.
Breast feeding and allergic diseases in infants-a prospective
birth cohort study. Arch Dis Child 2002;87:478-81.
13. Saarinen UM, Kajosaari M. Breastfeeding as profilaxis against
atopic disease: prospective follow-up study until 17 years old.
Lancet 1995;346:1065-9.
14. Chandra RK. Five-year follow-up of high-risk infants with
family history of allergy who were exclusively breast-fed
or fed partial whey hydrolysate, soy, and conventional
cow’s milk formulas. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr
1997;24:380-8.
15. Wright AL, Holberg CJ, Taussig LM, Martinez FD. Factors
influencing the relation of infant feeding to asthma and re-
current wheeze in childhood. Thorax 2001;56:192-7.
16. Obihara CC, Marais BJ, Gie RP, Potter P, Bateman ED,
Lombard CJ, et al. The association of prolonged brestfeeding
and allergic disease in poor urban children. Eur Respir J
2005;25:970-7.
17. De Jong MH, Scharp-van der Linden VTM, Aalberse RC,
Oosting J, Tijssen JGP, De Groot CJ. Randomised controlled
trial of brief neonatal exposure to cow’s milk on the devel-
opment of atopy. Arch Dis Child 1998;79:126-30.
18. De Jong MH, Scharp-van der Linden VTM, Aalberse RC,
Heymans HSA, Brunekreef B. The effect of brief neonatal
exposure to cows’milk on atopic symptoms up to age 5. Arch
Dis Child 2002;86:365-9.
19. Johansson SGO, Bieber T, Dahl R, Friedmann, PS, Lanier
BQ, Lockey RF, et al. Revised nomenclature for allergy for
global use: Report of the Nomenclature Review Committee
of the World Allergy Organization. J Allergy Clin Immunol
2004;113:832-6.
20. Koning H, Baert MRM, Oranje AP, Savelkoul HFJ, Neijens
HJ. Development of immune functions, related to allergic
mechanism, in young children. Pediatr Research 1996;
40:363-75.
21. Alford SH, Zoratti E, Peterson EL, Maliarik M, Ownby DR,
Johnson CC. Parental history of atopic disease: Disease pat-
tern and risk of pediatric atopy in offspring. J Allergy Clin
Immunol 2004;114:1046-50.
22. Yunginger JW. Clinical significance of IgE. In: Middleton E,
Reed CE, Ellis EF, Adkinson NF, Yunginger JW, editors. Al-
lergy: principles and practice. 3 th ed. Toronto: CV Mosby
Company; 1988. p. 849–60.
23. Arshad SH, Tariq SM, Matthews S, Hakim E. Sensitization
to common allergens and its association with allergic disor-
ders at age 4 years: a whole population birth cohort study.
Pediatrics 2001;108:1-8.
24. Djunaedi T. Manfaat pemberian ASI eksklusif minimal
184 • Paediatr Indones, Vol. 47, No. 4, July 2007
sampai usia 4 bulan terhadap kejadian dermatitis atopik pada
bayi usia 6-12 bulan pengunjung unit rawat jalan anak RSUP
dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. [Thesis]. Bandung: Universitas
Padjadjaran; 1998.
25. Leung AKC, Sauve RS. Breast is the best for babies. J Na-
tional Med Association 2005;97:1010-9.
Published
2007-08-31
How to Cite
1.
Novy R, Setiabudiawan B, Kartasasmita C. The association between duration of breastfeeding and atopy in children with or without family history of atopic disease. PI [Internet]. 31Aug.2007 [cited 27Apr.2024];47(4):179-4. Available from: https://paediatricaindonesiana.org/index.php/paediatrica-indonesiana/article/view/410
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Received 2016-08-31
Accepted 2016-08-31
Published 2007-08-31
Accepted 2016-08-31
Published 2007-08-31
