Factors associated with intelligence in young children with Down syndrome
Abstract
Introduction Despite the considerable number of children with
Do\Vll syndrome in Indonesia, there is little data available on the
success of intervention programs. This study was performed to
define factors affecting the intelligence of young children with
Do\Vll syndrome.
Objective To determine factors associated Mth lower intelligence
in children with Down syndrome, including growth parameters
and participation in intervention programs.
Methods This crossô€ƒsectional study was undertaken from
December 2010 to March 2011. Subjects were 60 children
with Down syndrome aged 2ô€ƒ6 years who were enrolled in
an intervention program at both the Medical Rehabilitation
Department, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, and the Growth
and Development Clinic, Harapan Kita Women's and Children's
Hospital. Parents' data was obtained through self historyô€ƒtaking
and perusal of medical records. Subjects' anthropometric
data (body weight, body height, and head circumference) was
obtained through measurements using calibrated instruments.
A psychologist administered IQ tests on the subjects. Results of
the anthropometric and IQ tests were given to parents one week
following the examinations.
Results From the 111 children with Down syndrome
registered in the intervention programs, 60 children (36
boys and 24 girls) met the inclusion criteria. The mean age
of subjects was 4 years 6 months. Most subjects were wellô€ƒ
nourished. Fiftyô€ƒfive subjects had microcephaly. Eightyô€ƒtwo
percent of subjects participated in the program regularly and
70% of subjects had started in the program at less than 1 year
of age. Subjects' mean IQ was 52.8. Analysis showed that
girls, subjects who were overweight and obese, subjects with
microcephaly, those with irregular attendance in the program,
and those living under the poverty line were at highest risk
for severe mental retardation.
Conclusion Factors associated v.ith the intelligence in children
with Down syndrome were female gender, overweight/obesity,Â
severe microcephaly, belowô€ƒpoverty line economic status, and
irregular participation in the program. [Paediatr Indones.
2012;52:194-9].
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Accepted 2016-08-31
Published 2012-08-31
