Some factors related to lipid profile in obese children at junior high schools in Manado
Keywords:
Obese children, risk factors, lipid profile, television
Abstract
Background Factors related to lipid profile in obese children arecalorie intake, fast food consuming habit, gender, physical activity,
television (TV) watching, sleep duration, and visceral fat distribution.
Objective To determine factors related to lipid profile in obese
children at junior high school.
Methods We studied obese children aged 11-<15 years from
November 2004 to February 2005 at junior high school in Manado
city. One hundred and seven junior high school children aged 11-<15
years were enrolled in this study, excluding children with acute disease,
having hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal disease, liver
disease, and using corticosteroid. The rsik factors considered were
calorie intake, fast food consuming habit, gender, physical activity, TV
watching, sleep duration, and waist circumference. The outcome
measures were total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, non-HDL cholesterol,
and triglyceride. Data was analyzed using X 2 , fisher exact test, Spearman’s
rho and multiple linear regression analysis with stepwise procedure.
Results The prevalence of increased total cholesterol was 28%,
LDL 44%, triglyceride 16.8%, low HDL cholesterol 6.5%, and non-
HDL was 23.3%. There were statistically significant relationship
between gender, calorie intake, fast food consuming habit, physical
activity, TV watching, sleep duration, and total cholesterol. There
were also statistically significant relationship between calorie intake,
habit of consuming fast food, physical activity, TV watching, sleep
duration, and LDL cholesterol. Fast food consuming habit and TV
watching also had statistically significant relationship with HDL
cholesterol. There were statistically significant relationship between
calorie intake, physical activity, TV watching, and sleep duration
with non-HDL cholesterol.
Conclusion Duration of TV watching, sleep duration, less physical
activity and waist circumference >98 percentile are correlated
with hyperlipidemia in obese children.
References
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SL, Gold KV. Television viewing and pediatrics hypercho-
lesterolemia. Pediatrics 1992;90:75-9.
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dengan kadar kolesterol total darah sebagai indikator uji saring
hiperkolesterolemia pada anak sekolah usia 10-12 tahun di
Kecamatan Wenang [thesis]. Program Pendidikan Dokter
Spesialis-1 Ilmu Kesehatan Anak FK Unsrat Manado; 2004.
28. Tiengo A, Avogaro A. Cardiovascular disease. In: Bjorntorp
P, editor. International textbook of obesity. New York: John
Wiley and Sons; 2001. p. 364-77.
29. Freedman DS, Serdula MK, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS.
Relation of circumferences and skin-fold thickness to lipid
and insulin concentration in children and adolescents: The
Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69: 308-17.
30. Bermingham MA, Jones E, Steinbeck K, Brock K. Plasma
cholesterol and other cardiac risk factor in adolescent girl.
Arch Dis Child 1995;73:392-7.
dan masalahnya Risalah Widyakarya Pangan dan Gizi V; 1994
April 20-22; Jakarta. Jakarta: LIPI; 1994.
2. Bouchard C. Current understanding of the etiology of obe-
sity: Genetic and non genetic factors. Am J Clin Nutr
1991;53:1561-5.
3. Dietz WH. Childhood and adolescent obesity. In: Walker
WA, Watkins JB, editors. Nutrition in pediatrics. Boston:
Little Brown; 1985. p. 60-80.
4. Kempe CH, Silver HK, O’Brien D, Fulginity VA. Obesity.
In: Hay WW, editor. Current pediatric diagnosis & treat-
ment. 9th ed. Norwalk: Appleton & Lange; 1991. p. 105-6.
5. Rubiana S, Prayoga AA, Sunarka N, Suandi IKG, Soetjiningsih.
Gambaran klinis dan profil lipid serum pada anak obesitas di
Sekolah Dasar Cipta Darma, Denpasar Bali. Proceedings of
the 10th National Health Conggress; 1996 June 16-20; Bukit
Tinggi, Indonesia. 1996.
6. Teixeire PJ, Sardinha LB, Going SB, Lahman TG. Total and
regional fat and serum cardiovascular disease risk factor in
lean and obese children and adolescents. Obesity Research
2001;9:432–8.
7. Einhorn PT, Rifkind BM, Bethesda. Cholesterol: myth vs.
reality in pediatric practice. AJDC 1993;147:371-5.
8. Ranakusuma ABS. Lipoprotein dan aterogenesis. Naskah
Lengkap Forum Ilmu Penyakit Dalam FKUI , Jakarta
1988: 70-8.
9. Heyward VH, Stolarczyk. Applied body composition assess-
ment: human kinetics. Canada 1996:22-8.
10. Dietz WH JR, Gortmaker SL. Do we fatten our children at
the television set? Obesity and television viewing in chil-
dren and adolescent. Pediatrics 1985; 75:807-12.
11. Craig SB, Bandiri LG, Lichtenstein AH, Schoefer EJ, Dietz
WH. The impact of physical activity on lipids, lipoprotein
and blood pressure in preadolescent girls. Pediatrics
1996;98:389-95.
12. Franklin WH, Allen HD, Fontana ME. Sport, physical ac-
tivity and school problems. In: Emmanouilides GC,
Riemenschneider TA, editors. Heart diseases in infant, chil-
dren and adolescent. 5 th ed. Baltimore: William & Wilkins
Co; 1995. p. 643-9.
13. Wahidayat I, Matondang CS, Sastroasmoro S. Diagnosis fisik
pada anak. Jakarta: FKUI, 1989. p. 220.
14. National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). Rationale
for attention to cholesterol levels in children and adolescent.
Report of the expert panel on blood cholesterol level in chil-
dren and adolescents. Pediatrics 1992;88:S528-36.
15. Nicholson JF, Pesce MA. Reference ranger for laboratory
tests. In: Behrman RE, Kliegman RM, Nelson We, Vaughan
VC, editors. Nelson textbook of pediatrics. 16th ed. Phila-
delphia: WB Saunders; 1992. p. 1812-24
16. Franklin FA, Dashti N, Franklin CC. Evaluation and man-
agement of dyslipidemia in children. Endocr Met Clin North
Am 1998;27:641-53.
17. National Cholesterol Education Program National Heart,
Lung, and Blood Institute National Institute of Health. NIH
Publication No.02-5215 2002:1-IX-7.
18. Kodyat B, Minarto, Raoef R, Sianturi G, Iryanis. Status
konsumsi gizi di Indonesia: Analisis data survey konsumsi
gizi tahun 1995. Gizi Indo 1996;21:40-50.
19. Fong H. Kegemaran makan makanan cepat saji: A matter of
balance. In: Samsudin, Nassar SS, Syarif DR, editors. Masalah
Gizi Ganda dan Tumbuh Kembang Anak. Jakarta: Naskah
lengkap PKB Ilmu Kesehatan Anak FKUI, 1995. p. 114-9.
20. Widodo DP, editor. Perkembangan tidur pada anak dan
kelainannya. Seminar Malam Klinik IDAI Jaya; 2000 Au-
gust 27; Hilton International Hotel Jakarta: 2000.
21. Hidayati SN, Hadi H, Lesteriana W. The correlation between
nutrient intakes with hyperlipidaemia on junior high school
obesity students. Proceedings of the 2nd Asian Congress of
Pediatric Nutrition; 2004 December 1-4; Sahid Jaya Hotel
Jakarta: 2004. (abstract).
22. Srinivasan SR, Myers L, Berenson GS. Distribution and cor-
relates of non high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in chil-
dren: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Pediatrics 2002;110:1-4.
23. Medical Research Council. Fast food encourages eating and
weight gain. October 2003. Available from: url: http://
www.mtc.ac.uk/index/public intrest/ public.
24. Waspadai kegemukan anak. Available from: url: http://
www.kompas.com/kompascetak/0309/27/iptek/587027.htm.
25. Lewis B, Mancini M, Mattock M, Chait A, Fraser TR. Plasma
triglyceride and fatty acid metabolism in diabetes mellitus.
Eur J Clin Invest 1972;2:445-53.
26. Wong ND, Hei TK, Qaqundah PY, Davidson DM, Bassin
SL, Gold KV. Television viewing and pediatrics hypercho-
lesterolemia. Pediatrics 1992;90:75-9.
27. Pieter R, Tangkilisan AH. Beberapa faktor yang berhubungan
dengan kadar kolesterol total darah sebagai indikator uji saring
hiperkolesterolemia pada anak sekolah usia 10-12 tahun di
Kecamatan Wenang [thesis]. Program Pendidikan Dokter
Spesialis-1 Ilmu Kesehatan Anak FK Unsrat Manado; 2004.
28. Tiengo A, Avogaro A. Cardiovascular disease. In: Bjorntorp
P, editor. International textbook of obesity. New York: John
Wiley and Sons; 2001. p. 364-77.
29. Freedman DS, Serdula MK, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS.
Relation of circumferences and skin-fold thickness to lipid
and insulin concentration in children and adolescents: The
Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69: 308-17.
30. Bermingham MA, Jones E, Steinbeck K, Brock K. Plasma
cholesterol and other cardiac risk factor in adolescent girl.
Arch Dis Child 1995;73:392-7.
Published
2007-08-31
How to Cite
1.
Tangkilisan A, Akune K. Some factors related to lipid profile in obese children at junior high schools in Manado. PI [Internet]. 31Aug.2007 [cited 19Apr.2024];47(4):166-1. Available from: https://paediatricaindonesiana.org/index.php/paediatrica-indonesiana/article/view/393
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Received 2016-08-30
Accepted 2016-08-30
Published 2007-08-31
Accepted 2016-08-30
Published 2007-08-31
