The association between fever in the first year of life and atopy in children with or without family history of atopic disease
Keywords:
atopy, fever, family history of atopic disease
Abstract
Background The role of repeated infection in early life in thedevelopment of childhood atopy is still controversy. Fever in the
first year of life which is frequently associated with infections might
decrease atopy.
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the association
between fever in the first year of life and atopy in children.
Methods This was an observational clinical epidemiology study
performed at Puskesmas Garuda, Padasuka, and Babakan Sari,
Bandung, from January to March 2006. From 749 children, we
randomly chose 150 subjects each from group with and without
family history of atopic disease. Skin prick test and measurement
of total serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E were performed on each
children. Atopy was defined as the skin prick test result was
positive to >1 allergen. The number of fever episodes in the first
year of life was based on parents report. The relationship between
fever and atopy was analyzed using Mantel Haenszel.
Results From 284 subjects, atopy was found in 28.2% of children,
of which 32.4% with and 23.9% without a family history of atopic
disease. Generally there was no significant association between
fever and atopy. There was only decreased odds ratio with
increased fever episodes and trend analysis showed this decrease
was significant (P=0.01). The significant association between
fever and atopy were found only in group without family history
of atopic disease (P=0.03, OR=0.43, CI 95% 0.18;1.01).
Conclusion There is a relationship between fever and atopy in
children without family history of atopic disease.
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activated and a Th-2 response is associated with early
wheezing in infants after bronchiolitis. Pediatrics
1997;130:584-93.
of asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000; 105:S466-72.
2. Wang XS, Goh DYT, Shek LPC, Baratawidjaja K, Darwis A,
Kartasasmita C, et al. Affluence and asthma, evidence from
South East Asia. Allergy & Clin Immunol International. J
World Allergy Organization 2005;17:53-7.
3. Sundaru H. Perbandingan prevalensi dan derajat berat asma
antara daerah urban dan rural pada siswa sekolah usia 13-14
tahun. Disertasi. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia; 2005.
4. Strachan DP. Hay fever, hygiene and household size. BMJ
1989;299:1259-60.
5. Matricardi PM, Franzinelli F, Franco A, Caprio G, Murru F,
Cioffi D, et al. Sibship size, birth order, and in 11.371 Italian
young men. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998;101:439-44.
6. Romagnani S. Immunologic influences on allergy and the Th1/
Th2 balance. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004;113:395-400.
7. Svanes C, Jarvis D, Chinn S, Burney P. Childhood environment
and adult: results from the European Community Respiratory
Health Survey. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999:103:415-20.
8. Krämer U, Heinrich J, Wjst M, Wichmann HE. Age of entry
to day nursery and allergy in later childhood. Lancet
1998;352:450-4.
9. Ball TM, Castro-Rodriguez J, Griffith KA, Holberg CJ,
Martinez FD, Wright AL. Siblings, day-care attendance, and
the risk of asthma and wheezing during childhood. N Engl J
Med 2000;343:538-43.
10. Shaheen SO, Aaby P, Hall AJ, Barker DJP, Heyes CB, Shiell
AW. Measles and atopy in Guinea-Bissauâ€. Lancet
1996;347:1792-6.
11. Alm JS, Swartz J, Lilja G, Scheynius A, Pershagen G. Atopy
in children of families with an anthroposophic lifestyle.
Lancet 1999;353:1485-8.
12. Martinez FD, Stern DA, Wright AL, Taussig LM, Halonen
M. Association of non-wheezing lower respiratory tract
illnesses in early life with persistently diminished serum IgE
levels. Thorax 1995;50:1067-72.
13. Faroqi IS, Hopkin JM. Early childhood infection and atopic
disorder. Thorax 1998;53:927-32.
14. Ponsonby AL, Couper D, Dwyer T, Carmichael A, Kemp A.
Relationship between early life respiratory illness, family size
over time, and the development of asthma and hay fever: a
seven year follow up study. Thorax 1999;54:664-9.
15. McKeever T, Lewis SA, Smith C, Collins J, Heatlie H, Frischer
M, et al. Early exposure to infections and antibiotics and the
incidence of allergic disease: a birth cohort study with the
West Midlands General Practice Research Database. J Allergy
Clin Immunol 2002;109: 43-50.
16. Bager P, Westergaard T, Kostgaard K, Hjalgrim H, Melbye
M. Age at childhood infections and risk of atopy. Thorax
2002;57:379-82.
17. Njå F, Nystad W, Hetlevik O, Carlsen KCL, Carlsen KH. Airway
infection in infancy and the presence of allergy and asthma in
school age children. Arch Dis Child 2003;88:566-9.
18. McCarthy PL. Fever in infants and children. In: Mackowiak
PA, editor. Fever, basic mechanisms and management.
Philadelphia: Lippincot-Raven Publishers; 1997. p. 351-62.
19. Von Mutius E, Illi S, Hirsch T, Leupold W, Keil U, Weiland
SK. Frequency of infections and risk of asthma, and airway
hyperresponssiveness in children. Eur Respir J 1999;14:4-11.
20. Calvani M, Alessandri C, Bonci E. Fever episodes in early
life and the development of atopy in children with asthma.
Eur Respir J 2002;20:391-6.
21. Williams LK, Peterson EL, Ownby DR, Johnson CC. The
relationship between early fever and allergic sensitization at
age 6–7 years. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004;113:291-6.
22. Alford HS, Zoratti E, Peterson EL, Maliarik M, Ownby DR,
Johnson CC. Parental history of atopic disease: Disease
pattern and risk of pediatric in offspring. J Allergy Clin
Immunol 2004;114: 1046-50.
23. Koning H, Baert MRM, Oranje AP, Savelkoul HFJ, Neijens HJ.
Development of immune functions, related to allergic
mechanism, in young children. Pediatric Research 1996; 40:363-
75.
24. Kay AB. Allergy and allergic diseases. N Engl J Med
2001;344(1):30-7.
25. Savelkoul HFJ, Neijens HJ. Immune responsses during allergic
sensitization and the development of atopy. Allergy
2000;55:989–97.
26. Roberts NJ. Impact of temperature elevation on immunologic
defenses. Rev Infect Dis 1991;13:462-72.
27. Yazdanbakhsh M, Kremsner PG, van Ree R. Allergy, parasites,
and the hygienne hypothesis. Science 2002;296:490-4.
28. Renzi PM, Turgeon JP, Yang JP. Cellular immunity is
activated and a Th-2 response is associated with early
wheezing in infants after bronchiolitis. Pediatrics
1997;130:584-93.
Published
2007-05-01
How to Cite
1.
Wihadi S, Setiabudiawan B, Kartasasmita C. The association between fever in the first year of life and atopy in children with or without family history of atopic disease. PI [Internet]. 1May2007 [cited 15Nov.2024];47(2):65-0. Available from: https://paediatricaindonesiana.org/index.php/paediatrica-indonesiana/article/view/346
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Received 2016-08-25
Accepted 2016-08-25
Published 2007-05-01
Accepted 2016-08-25
Published 2007-05-01
