Interleukin-6 and insulin resistance in obese adolescents
Keywords:
interleukin-6, insulin resistance, obesity
Abstract
Background Obesity has become a rapidly growing epidemic worldwide, increasing the risk of morbidity and mortality in adolescents. Obesity is due to an expansion of adipose tissue mass, which is an important source of cytokines and contributes to an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6). Interleukin-6 is significantly increased in obesity and may lead to a state of insulin resistance.Objective To assess for a correlation between IL-6 levels and insulin resistance in obese adolescents
Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study from January to April 2012 in Manado, North Sulawesi. Subjects were either obese or normal body mass index (BMI) teens aged 13-18 years. Data collected were anthropometric status, BMI, and blood specimens for fasting plasma glucose levels, fasting insulin levels, and IL-6 levels. Insulin resistance was expressed as homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) level >2.77. Data was analyzed by Pearson’s correlation and linear regression tests to assess for a possible correlation between IL-6 levels and insulin resistance.
Results The mean BMI in the obese group was 31.21 (SD 3.61) kg/m2 while the mean BMI in the normal group was 19.52 (SD 2.38) kg/m2. There was no significant association between IL-6 and the occurrence of insulin resistance (P=0.309). The log regression coefficient value of IL-6 was negative (b = -0.329).
Conclusion There is no correlation between IL-6 levels and incidence of insulin resistance in obese adolescents.
References
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2. Chen MP, Chung FM, Chang DM, Tsai JC, Huang HF, Shin SJ, et al. Elevated plasma level of visfatin/pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91:295–9.
3. Denney-Wilson E, Hardy LL, Dobbins T, Okely AD, Baur LA. Body mass index, waist circumference, and chronic disease risk factors in Australian adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008;162:566-73.
4. Gordon-Larsen P, Adair LS, Popkin BM . The relationship of ethnicity, socioeconomic and overweight in US adolescents. Obes Res. 2003;11:121-9.
5. Arslanian S. Type 2 diabetes in children: clinical aspects and risk factors. Horm Res. 2002;57:19–28.
6. Yeste D, Vendrell J, Tomasini R, Broch M, Gussinyé M, Megia A, et al. Interleukin-6 in obese children and adolescents with and without glucose intolerance. Diabetes Care. 2007;30:1892-4.
7. Tripathy D, Mohanty P, Dhindsa S, Syed T, Ghanim H, Aljada A, et al. Elevation of free fatty acids induces inflammation and impairs vascular reactivity in healthy subjects. Diabetes. 2003;52:2882–7.
8. Mohamed-Ali V, Goodrick S, Rawesh A, Katz DR, Miles JM, Yudkin JS, et al. Subcutaneous adipose tissue releases interleukin-6, but not tumor necrosis factor-α, in vivo. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;82:4196-200.
9. Fried SK, Bunkin DA, Greenberg AS. Omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese subjects release interleukin-6: depot difference and regulation by glucocorticoid. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:847-50.
10. Cook S, Weitzman M, Auinger P, Barlow SE. Screening and counseling associated with obesity diagnosis in a national survey of ambulatory pediatric visits. Pediatrics. 2005;116:112-6.
11. Bandini LG, Must A, Phillips SM, Naumova EN, Dietz WH. Relation of body mass index and body fatness to energy expenditure: longitudinal changes from preadolescence through adolescence. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80:1262-9.
12. Qatanani M, Lazar MA. Mechanisms of obesity-associated insulin resistance: many choices on menu. Genes Dev. 2007;21:1443-55.
13. Schneider MB, Brill SR. Obesity in children and adolescents. Pediatr Rev. 2005;26:155-62.
14. Weiss R, Dziura J, Burgert TS, Tamborlane WV, Taksali SE, Yeckel CW, et al. Obesity and the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:2362-74.
15. Pedrosa C, Oliveira BMPM, Albuquerque I, Simoes-Pereira C, Vaz-de-Almeida MD, Correia F. Obesity and metabolic syndrome in 7-9 years-old Portuguese school children. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2010;2:40.
16. Field AE, Cook NR, Gillman MW. Weigh status in childhood as a predictor of becoming overweight or hypertensive in early adulthood. Obes Res. 2005;13:163-9.
17. Hendarto A. Telaah peran leptin, adiponektin, tumor necrosis factor-α, C reactive protein, asupan karbohidrat dan lemak terhadap resistensi insulin pada anak lelaki superobes usia 5-9 tahun [unpublished dissertation]. [Jakarta]: Universitas Indonesia; 2009.
18. Harkins JM, Moustaid-Moussa N, Chung YJ, Penner KM, Pestka JJ, North CM, et al. Expression of interleukin-6 is greater in preadipocytes than in adipocytes of 3T3-L1 cells and C57BL/6J and ob/ob mice. J Nutr. 2004;134:2673-7.
19. Ricart W, Fernandez-Real JM. No decrease in free IGF-I with increasing insulin in obesity-related insulin resistance. Obes Res. 2001;9:631-6.
20. Khan BB, Flier JS. Obesity and insulin resistance. J Clin Invest. 2000;106:473-81.
21. Gallistl S, Sudi KM, Aigner R, Borkenstein M. Changes in serum interleukin-6 concentrations in obese children and adolescents during a weight reduction program. Int J Obes Metab Disorders. 2001;25:1640-3.
22. Gordon-Larsen P, Adair LS, Nelson MC, Popkin BM. Five-year obesity incidence in the transition period between adolescence and adulthood: the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80:569-75.
23. Bastard JP, Jardel C, Bruckert E, Blondy P, Capeau J, Laville M, et al. Elevated levels of interleukin 6 are reduced in serum and subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese women after weight loss. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000;85:3338–42.
24. Berg AH, Scherer PE. Adipose tissue, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. Circ Res. 2005;96:939-49.
25. Capuzzi DM, Freeman JS. C-reactive protein and cardiovascular risk in the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: controversy and challenge. Clin Diabetes. 2007;25:16-22.
26. Agarwal N, Chitrika A, Bhattacharjee A, Jain SK. Correlation of tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 with anthropometric indices of obesity and parameters of insulin resistance in healthy north Indian population. JIACM. 2011;12:196-204.
27. Nemet D, Wang P, Funahashi T, Matsuzawa Y, Tanaka S, Engelman L, et al. Adipocytokines, body composition and fitness in children. Pediatr Res. 2003;53:148–52.
28. Kelly AS, Steinberger J, Kaiser DR, Olson TP, Bank AJ, Dengel DR. Oxidative stress and adverse adipokine profile characterize the metabolic syndrome in children. J Cardiometab Syndr. 2006;1:248–52.
Published
2013-10-30
How to Cite
1.
Takumansang R, Warouw S, Lestari H. Interleukin-6 and insulin resistance in obese adolescents. PI [Internet]. 30Oct.2013 [cited 24Apr.2024];53(5):268-2. Available from: https://paediatricaindonesiana.org/index.php/paediatrica-indonesiana/article/view/304
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Received 2016-08-21
Accepted 2016-08-21
Published 2013-10-30
Accepted 2016-08-21
Published 2013-10-30
