Comorbidities and COVID-19 severity in pediatric patients: systematic review and meta-analysis
Keywords:
children; COVID-19; novel coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2
Abstract
Background COVID-19 has spread around the world. Although symptoms in children are often mild, children remain at risk of developing severe or critical forms of COVID-19, especially those with underlying or comorbid medical conditions.
Objective To evaluate the association between comorbidities and severity of COVID-19 in pediatric patients.
Methods A systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We used PubMed and Google Scholar to locate observational studies that involved children with RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 with comorbidities and compared them with controls without comorbidities. Studies must also involve children with severe COVID-19 and provide the risk of severe COVID-19 in children with and without comorbidities as outcome. We performed a meta-analysis to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR) of severe COVID-19 in children with vs. without comorbidities.
Results We included 41 observational studies with a total of 285,828 pediatric COVID-19 patients, comprising 9,754 patients with comorbidities and 276,074 controls. The comorbidities indentified included obesity, congenital malformations, neurological disease, and genetic syndromes. Children with comorbidities had a significantly higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 compared to those without (pooled OR 4.07; 95%CI 2.31 to 7.19; P<0.00001).
Conclusion The presence of comorbidities increases the risk of severe COVID-19 in children.
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Published
2022-02-18
How to Cite
1.
Widjanarko M, Nindya M, Fernandez G, Jovito A. Comorbidities and COVID-19 severity in pediatric patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. PI [Internet]. 18Feb.2022 [cited 23Nov.2024];62(1):51-0. Available from: https://paediatricaindonesiana.org/index.php/paediatrica-indonesiana/article/view/2720
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Copyright (c) 2022 Mas Wishnuwardhana Widjanarko
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Received 2021-07-12
Accepted 2022-02-18
Published 2022-02-18
Accepted 2022-02-18
Published 2022-02-18
