Prevalence of pulmonary dysfunction in patients with beta thalassemia major: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • Amar Taksande Department of Paediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi Meghe, Wardha, Maharashtra State
  • Yash Dalal Department of Paediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi Meghe, Wardha, Maharashtra State
  • Himanshi Jindal Department of Paediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi Meghe, Wardha, Maharashtra State
  • Taksande Bharati Department of Paediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi Meghe, Wardha, Maharashtra State
Keywords: thalassemia; pulmonary dysfunction; restrictive; obstructive; iron overload; serum ferritin

Abstract

Background Many studies have been conducted on heart, liver, and endocrine abnormalities in thalassemia; however, studies on pulmonary dysfunction (PD) have been limited. Previous studies on the prevalence of restrictive lung disease (RLD) and obstructive lung disease (OLD) in β-thalassemia major patients have lacked agreement.

Objective To assess the prevalence of PD in β-thalassemia major patients by systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis.

Methods We searched Cochrane library, PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase for relevant articles. Articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria and data were extracted. The primary outcome was prevalence of pulmonary dysfunction in β-thalassemia major with 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Subgroup analyses were applied to explore the prevalence in different age groups, regions, and serum ferritin levels. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias assessment were also conducted.

Results A total of 37 studies comprising 1,467 cases were included in this analysis. Pulmonary dysfunction was present in 64.7% (95%CI 57.6 to 71.1) of cases. The pooled prevalence of RLD (44.9%) was higher than that of OLD (7.6%) and diffusion impairment (DI) (35.6%). Subgroup analysis revealed that the region with the highest pooled prevalence of PD was the Americas (75.2%). The highest prevalence of RLD and DI was found in Asia (48.2% and 44.6%, respectively) and that of OLD in Europe (9.7%). Sensitivity analysis showed that the pooled results were robust.

Conclusion A high prevalence of pulmonary dysfunction, mainly RLD rather than OLD, was detected in β-thalassemia major patients.

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Published
2022-01-20
How to Cite
1.
Taksande A, Dalal Y, Jindal H, Bharati T. Prevalence of pulmonary dysfunction in patients with beta thalassemia major: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PI [Internet]. 20Jan.2022 [cited 28Mar.2024];62(1):7-6. Available from: https://paediatricaindonesiana.org/index.php/paediatrica-indonesiana/article/view/2523
Section
Pediatric Respirology
Received 2020-11-07
Accepted 2022-01-20
Published 2022-01-20