Caesarean delivery and risk of developing atopic diseases in children

Anak Agung Tri Yuliantini; Mohammad Juffrie; Ketut Dewi Kumara Wati

doi:10.14238/pi54.2.2014.94-100

Anak Agung Tri Yuliantini Department of Child Health, Udayana University Medical School, Sanglah Hospital
Mohammad Juffrie Department of Child Health, Udayana University Medical School, Sanglah Hospital
Ketut Dewi Kumara Wati Department of Child Health, Udayana University Medical School, Sanglah Hospital

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14238/pi54.2.2014.94-100

Keywords: atopic diseases, cesarean delivery, children.

Abstract

Background Caesarean delivery has been suggested to alter
neonatal immune respon ses and increase the risk of atopic
diseases. Howevei; previous studies have reported inconsistent
findings.
Objective To investigate a possible association between caesarean
delivery and the development of atopic diseases in children.
Methods This case-control study involved 100 children aged 3
months-12 years, in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasai; Indonesia. Fifty
infants and children with a confirmed diagnosis of atopic diseases
and 50 sex-paired controls (non-atopic infants and children)
were enrolled. Demographic data was obtained, including mode
of delivery and relevant history connected to atopic diseases.
Skin prick test to four common aeroallergens was performed in
all subjects. Possible confounding factors were considered in a
multivariable logis tic regression model.
Results Caesarean section was not significant as a risk factor for
atopic diseases in a multivariate analysis [OR 2.4 (95%CI 0.7 to
8.4; P=0.164)]. Howevei; multiple logistic regression analysis
showed that atopic diseases was significantly associated with a
positive family history of atopy. Furthermore, caesarean section
was associated with a higher risk of atopic diseases in a subgroup
analysis for family history of atopy [OR= 4 (95%CI 1 to 16.2;
P= 0.04)].
Conclusion Children delivered by caesarean section and have a
family history of atopy have a 4-fo ld higher risk of atopic diseases.

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