Human Milk in the Second Year Nutritional and Economic Considerations for Indonesia
Abstract
That mother milk provides the ideal infant diet is accepted by all but the most myopic diehards of the processed milk industry. Mortality in breast fed infants may be as low as one tenth of that experienced amongst their unfortunate bottle fed peers who often succumb to the ravages of diarrhea, marasmus and opportunistic infections (Harfouche, 1970). Mother milk approaches an ideal composition for the human, is cheap, sterile, readily available and, provides protection against certain infections.
References
BAILEY, K.V.: Quantity + Composition of Breastmilk in some New Guinean Populations. J. Trop. Pediatr. 11 : 35 (1965).
BLANKHART, D.M. : Measured food intakes of young Indonesian children. J. Trop. Pediatr. 8 : 18 (1966).
CHEN, L.C., AHMED, S., GESCHA, M., and MOSLEY, W.H. : A prospective Study of Birth Interval dynamics in Rural Bangladesh; Ford Foundation; Dacca 1974.
CRAVIOTO, J. and DELICARDIE, E .R. : Mental Performance in School Age Children - Findings after recovery from early severe malnutrition; Am. J. Dis. Child. 120 : 404 (1970).
GOPALAN, C. : Studies on lactation in poor Indian communities. J. Trop. Pediatr. 4 : 87 (1958).
HARFOUCHE, J.K. : The Importance of Breast Feeding. J. Trop. Pediatr. 16 : 133 (1970).
HERTZIG, M.E.; BIRCH, H.G.; RICHARDSON, S.A. and TIZARD, J. : Intellectual Levels of School Children severely malnourished during the first two years of life. Pediatr. 49 : 814 (1972).
KARJADI, D., SOEWONDO, S., and TJAHJADI, H. : Undernutrition and Some aspects of Brain Function. Paediatr. Indones. 11 : 47 (1971).
LIE GOAN HONG - Personal communication (1974).
MASRI, S. and C. MANNING: Fertility in Family Planning in Mojolama; Institute of Population Studies - Gadjah Mada University, 1974.
MELLANDER, O., VAHLQUIST, B., and MELLBIN, T. : Acta Pediatr. Scand. Suppl. 116. 48 : 31 (1959).
OOMEN, H.A.P.C., PRAWIROWINOTO, R., dan LATUASAN, L.E. : Makanan, Kesehatan dan keadaan gizi anak-anak ketjil; Berita Kementerian Kesehatan, Republik Indonesia III 5 October 1954.
TAN, M.G., DJUMADIAS, SUHARSO, RAHARDJO, J., SUTEDJO, and SUNARDJO : Social + Cultural aspects of food patterns + food habits in five rural areas in Indonesia – Leknas (1970).
THOMSON, A.M., HYTHEN, F.E., BILLEWICZ, W.Z. : Energy cost of human lactation. Br. J. Nutr. 24 : 565 (1970).
UNDERWOOD, B., HEPNER, R., and ABDULLAH, H.: Protein, Lipid + F.A. of Human Milk from Pakistani women during prolonged periods of Lactation. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 23 : 400 (1970).
University Gajah Mada – Fakultas Kedokteran - Community Health Survey Tegalredjo, 1974.
VAN GINNEKEN, J.K.: Prolonged Breast Feeding in a Birth Spacing Method; Studies in Family Planning 5 : 201 (1974).
WILLIAMS, C.D.: Nutritional Conditions among Women and children in Internment in the Civilian Camp at Singapore. In Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 5 : 127 (1946). Reprinted in Nutrion Reviews 31:359 (1973).
WINICK, M. : Nutrition and Mental Development. Med. Clin. N.A. 54:1413 (1970).
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Accepted 2017-06-09
Published 2017-07-11