The effect of cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart disease on childrenâ€™s growth velocity

Dewi Awaliyah Ulfah; Endang Dewi Lestari; Harsono Salimo; Sri Lilijanti Widjaya; Bagus Artiko

doi:10.14238/pi57.3.2017.160-3

Dewi Awaliyah Ulfah Sebelas Maret University
Endang Dewi Lestari Sebelas Maret University
Harsono Salimo Sebelas Maret University
Sri Lilijanti Widjaya Sebelas Maret University
Bagus Artiko Sebelas Maret University

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14238/pi57.3.2017.160-3

Keywords: congenital heart disease, growth velocity, failure to thrive

Abstract

Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) can lead to failure to thrive. Decreased energy intake, malabsorption, increased energy requirements, and decreased growth factors (growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 axis) are related to malnutrition and growth retardation in children with CHD.

Objective Tocompare the impact of cyanotic and acyanotic CHD on childrenâ€™s growth velocity (using the 2009 WHO growth velocity chart).

Methods This study was conducted in patients less than 24 months of age with CHD in the Pediatric Cardiology Specialist Unit Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java, from December 2016 to February 2017. Subjectsâ€™ weights were evaluated at the beginning of the study and two months later. Data were compared to the WHO Growth Velocity chart and analyzed by Chi-square test.

Results Of 46 patients with CHD (23 cyanotic, 23 acyanotic), 10 patients (21.7%) were identified with failure to thrive, i.e., < 5^th percentile. Significantly more children with acyanotic CHD were in the >5^th percentile for growth velocity than were children with cyanotic CHD (OR 5.600; 95%CI 1.038 to 30.204; P=0.032). Acute upper respiratory tract infection was not significantly associated with growth velocity (OR 2.273; 95%CI 0.545 to 9.479; P=0.253).

Conclusion Children with cyanotic CHD have 5.6 times higher risk of failure to thrive than children with acyanotic CHD.

Author Biographies

Dewi Awaliyah Ulfah, Sebelas Maret University

Pediatric Department

Endang Dewi Lestari, Sebelas Maret University

Pediatric Department

Harsono Salimo, Sebelas Maret University

Pediatric Department

Sri Lilijanti Widjaya, Sebelas Maret University

Pediatric Department

Bagus Artiko, Sebelas Maret University

Pediatric Department

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