Using family atopy scores to identify the risk of atopic dermatitis in infants
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis is the first manifestation of
allergic disease in early life. Early interventions may prevent the
development of allergy disease. Allergy trace cards have been
used to identify the level of allergic risk, based on family atopy
scores. Because environmental factors may also influence the
development of atopic dermatitis, the usefulness of the allergy
trace card needs to be reevaluated.
Objective To compare the incidence of atopic dermatitis in
infants aged 0-4 months with total family atopy scores of > 0 to
those with scores of 0.
Methods We conducted this cohort study from June 1, 2012 to
December 31, 2012 at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar. Family atopy
score was tabulated from all pregnant woman in the Obstetric
Outpatient Clinic and the Maternity Room. Subjects were divided
into two groups based on their total family atopy score: those with
scores > 0 and those with scores of 0. The appearance of atopic
dermatitis symptoms in the infants were evaluated until they
reached 4 months of age. The incidence of atopic dermatitis in
two groups was compared using Chi-square test.
Results The incidence of atopic dermatitis in this study was 10.9%.
The group with total family atopy scores of 0 had a significantly
higher incidence of atopic dermatitis than the group with scores
> 0 (adjusted RR 22.5; 95%CI 8.8 to 57.0; P = 0.001).
Conclusion The incidence of atopic dermatitis is higher in
infants with total family atopy score > 0 and this group has a 22.5
times higher risk of atopic dermatitis compared to infants with
total family atopy score of 0. Allergy trace cards are relevant in
differentiating the risk of atopy with regards to development of
atopic dermatitis. We suggest that family atopy scores be evaluated
during antenatal care in order to limit the development of atopic
dermatitis in infants.
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Accepted 2017-02-01
Published 2014-12-30
